Epidemiology

Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events (including diseases) in specified populations, and the application of this study to the control of health problems. It is mainly concerned with the prevalence, incidence, risk factors and management of health-related states in populations. It is a cornerstone of public health and informs policy decisions and evidence-based medicine. Epidemiological studies can be used to assess the efficacy of interventions such as lifestyle changes, healthcare interventions and public health messaging. Epidemiologists play a vital role in the prevention and control of a wide range of health threats, from infectious diseases and chronic conditions to environmental hazards and injuries.