Periodontal therapy is the set of dental treatments aimed at preventing, controlling, and treating periodontal diseases, the inflammatory conditions affecting the supporting structures of the teeth, including the gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. These diseases, ranging from reversible ging…
Periodontal therapy is the set of dental treatments aimed at preventing, controlling, and treating periodontal diseases, the inflammatory conditions affecting the supporting structures of the teeth, including the gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. These diseases, ranging from reversible gingivitis to destructive periodontitis, are driven primarily by bacterial biofilm at and below the gum line, with risk modified by oral hygiene, smoking, systemic health, and host immune response, and they can lead to attachment loss, bone resorption, and ultimately tooth loss if untreated. Periodontal therapy is organized into phases. Non-surgical treatment forms the foundation and includes scaling and root planing to remove plaque, calculus, and bacterial deposits and to create a biologically acceptable root surface, often supported by adjunctive measures such as low-level laser therapy or ozone application intended to reduce inflammation and bacterial load. Surgical therapy addresses sites that do not respond to non-surgical care and encompasses procedures to access deep deposits, regenerate or reshape tissues, and correct mucogingival defects, including connective tissue grafting and laser-assisted root preparation. Maintenance therapy then sustains results through ongoing monitoring and professional care. Treatment effects can be tracked through clinical parameters and biomarkers of inflammation in gingival crevicular fluid. By controlling infection and inflammation and preserving periodontal support, periodontal therapy is central to oral health and to retaining the natural dentition.
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The 10 articles above have been cited 16 times in the scholarly literature. Citation data via OpenAlex and Crossref, updated Jun 2026.
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