Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a type of blood cancer that affects the cells in the bone marrow. It is characterized by the abnormal growth and accumulation of immature white cells called myeloid cells in the bone marrow and the bloodstream. CML is caused by a genetic mutation in the bone marrow cells, leading to the overproduction of a protein called BCR-ABL. This protein disrupts the natural balance of cell growth and division, leading to the accumulation of abnormal cells. Symptoms of CML can include fatigue, weight loss, night sweats, fever, and swelling in the abdomen. However, some people may not experience any symptoms at all. Treatment for CML has advanced significantly in recent years with the development of targeted therapies such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). These drugs work by blocking the action of the BCR-ABL protein, which in turn slows or stops the growth of abnormal cells. In some cases, a bone marrow or stem cell transplant may be necessary to treat CML. This involves replacing the patient's bone marrow cells with healthy ones from a donor. Research in hematology and oncology is ongoing to improve our understanding of CML and develop new treatments. This includes investigating the genetic mutations that cause CML and developing new drugs that target these mutations. Overall, CML is a complex disease that requires expert care from a multidisciplinary team of healthcare professionals. With ongoing research and advances in treatment, it is possible for people with CML to live long, healthy lives.
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