Leukaemia

Leukaemia is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. There are four main types of leukaemia, which are acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), and chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). ALL is the most common type of leukaemia in children, while AML is more common in adults. CLL and CML are both chronic types of leukaemia, which means they develop slowly over time. Leukaemia occurs when the body produces too many abnormal white blood cells, which are known as leukaemia cells. These cells do not function properly, and they can crowd out healthy blood cells, leading to anemia, bruising, and infections. Treatment for leukaemia depends on the type and severity of the disease. It may include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, stem cell transplant, or targeted therapy. Blood transfusions, antibiotics, and other supportive measures may also be used to manage the symptoms of leukaemia. Research in haemato-oncology focuses on developing new treatments for leukaemia and improving the quality of life for patients living with the disease. This includes investigating new drugs and therapies, identifying genetic and molecular markers that can help predict disease progression, and improving our understanding of the underlying mechanisms that drive leukaemia. Overall, leukaemia is a complex disease that requires ongoing research and development to improve outcomes for patients.