Hypospadias

Hypospadias is a birth defect in which the opening of the urethra (the tube through which urine is passed) is on the underside of the penis instead of at the tip. It is a fairly common congenital malformation, occurring in around 1% of male births. Hypospadias can lead to difficulty in urination, and can affect fertility and sexual function. In addition, it is associated with psychological issues including low self-esteem. Treatment options include surgery, which can help to restore normal urinary and sexual function. It is important to diagnose and treat hypospadias early in order to prevent complications.