Nephron

The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney, which is the organ responsible for waste removal and fluid balance in the body. It is composed of a glomerulus, a capillary network within Bowman's capsule, and a series of tubules. The glomerulus is the part of the nephron responsible for the filtration of waste products from the body while the tubules reabsorb most of the useful substances and water. This process ultimately produces urine, which is vital for maintaining the right balance of water and nutrients, as well as removing toxins from the body. Nephrons are essential for proper kidney function and any problems with them can lead to kidney failure.