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Jun 2018 DOI 10.14302/issn.2372-6601.jhor-18-2139
S. Afriyie-Mensah JaneCorresponding author
Department of Medicine and therapeutics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Sciences university of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) has become an increasingly recognized complication in sickle cell anaemia (SCA) and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Though the burden of SCA in sub-Saharan Africa is high, there is paucity of data on SCA-associated PH with little or no attention given to it in routine patient care. The current study therefore sought to determine the prevalence of PH and its associated risk factors among adult patients with SCA. This was a cross-sectional study involving 76 clinically stable, hydroxyurea-naive participants. We obtained socio-demographic and clinical history. Measurement of Tricuspid Regurgitant jet Velocity (TRV) was obtained via transthoracic echocardiography and lung function was assessed using spirometry and pulse oximetry. Other investigations were complete blood counts, free plasma haemoglobin, serum urea and creatinine. Twenty-five (32.9%) of study participants had elevated TRV (≥ 2.5m/s) on Doppler echocardiography, which was suggestive of raised pulmonary artery systolic pressure. There were significant associations between elevated TRV and steady-state haemoglobin (p < 0.001), blood urea level (p = 0.030), presence of chronic leg ulcers (p = 0.043) and oxygen saturation (p < 0.001) and these may be identifiable and modifiable risk factors for selective screening with echocardiography in a resource poor setting.
May 2015 DOI 10.14302/issn.2574-4488.jna-14-614
Ehsan AyeshaCorresponding author
Department of Pathology, Fatima Memorial Medical & Dental College.
We report 2 cases of primary hyperoxalurea who presented with refractory anaemia, nephrolithiasis, renal failure warranting repeated renal transplantation in one of the cases. Renal biopsy of the patients revealed crystals of calcium oxalate in the tubules. The same crystals were also visualized in bone marrow biopsy which confirmed the diagnosis of systemic oxalosis. We conclude that Primary hyperoxalurea may rarely cause anemia secondary to calcium oxalate crystal deposition in the bone marrow.
Dec 2024 DOI 10.14302/issn.2642-9241.jrd-24-5320
Djelo Diallo BoubacarCorresponding author
Introduction Mortality is one of the most important demographic phenomena in public health, and its rate is the primary indicator of a population's state of health. The aim of this study was to describe the profile of patients in the pneumo-phthisiology department of the Hospital National Ignace Deen CHU in Conakry. Methodology This was a retrospective descriptive study lasting one year, from 01 January to 31 December 2023, on 176 records of hospitalized patients who died in the pneumophthisiology department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital. Results A total of 1043 patients were hospitalized during our study period, 176 of whom died, giving a mortality rate of 16.87%. The mean age of the deceased patients was 49.57±18.8 years, with a male predominance (sex ratio=1.93). Clinical signs on admission were dominated by dyspnoea (70.45%) and chest pain (61.36%). Tuberculosis was the most common diagnosis with a frequency of 42.61%, followed by TB/HIV co-infection with a frequency of 22.16%. The average length of hospitalization was 8.79 days. Probable cause of death was dominated by respiratory distress (54.44%) and decompensated anaemia (32.95%). Conclusion Mortality in the pneumo-phthisiology department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital remains high. Anemia and respiratory distress were the most common diagnoses of severity, hence the need to improve management of these probable causes of death.
Mar 2024 DOI 10.14302/issn.2379-7835.ijn-24-4921
Bajaj ManyaCorresponding author
Hippocrates trusted foodstuff, maybe medicine, and healthcare management, administration, and costing are important. Nutraceuticals, derived from "nutrition" and "pharmaceutical," cover differing healing areas like “antagonistic-hard, cold and cough, sleep difficulties, digestion, cancer prevention, osteoporosis, blood pressure, cholesterol management, pain relievers, depression, and diabetes”. “Stephen De Felice”, “founder of the Foundation for Innovation in Medicine, created the term in 1989”.Functional foods, like milk and orange juice, supply health benefits that surpass food, in the way that a better lifestyle and a lower risk of ailment. Nutraceuticals, in another way, involve fortified dairy products like milk that help avoid or cure illnesses and disorders apart from anaemia.Conventional arrangements like Solvents extraction , Soxhlet distillation ,maceration and “Non conventional designs” like ‘Microwave assisted origin’, Ultrasound Assisted Extraction are used to restore the bioactive material from plants for nutraceuticals.”The Indian Health and Dietary Supplement Association” supports drug, nutraceutical, herbaceous, and direct selling energies by categorising them based on chemical arrangement, food type, and conventional arrangement.This paper gives a brief review on nutraceuticals ,its history , its market trend , extraction techniques , benefits and its applications .
May 2022 DOI 10.14302/issn.2379-7835.ijn-22-4149
Lemma WossensegedCorresponding author
Department of Medical Parasitology; School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Gondar, Ethiopia
In Ethiopia stunting, underweight and wasting in school children are very common. The aim of this research was to evaluate the impact of intestinal helminthes and schistosomiasis on malnutrition, anaemia and haematological indices in the school age children of Azezo Elementary School in Gondar town. Kato Katz technique was performed to determine infection and intensity of intestinal helminth infections. AnthroPlus software version 1.04 was used to get malnutrition indices while fully automated haematological analyzers were used to determine haematological and biochemical parameters. A total of 384 school children were recruited in this study. The overall prevalence of helminth infection was 45.8% (178/384) with the leading Ascarislumbericoides infection (20.6%) compared to the second leading Schistosomamansoni (17.4%) and third leading hook worm infections (13.3%). The prevalences of body mass indexes for age Z-scores (BAZ) indices were 9.6% (37) very sever thin, 17.2% (66) sever thin, 38.3% (147) thin, 34.4% (132) normal and 0.5% (2) overweight. On the other hand, the prevalences of height for age Z-scores (HAZ) indices were 12.2% (47) stunt, 87% (334) normal and 0.8% (3) over height. Of the total 384 school age children, 335 (87.2%) had normal blood glucose level (70 – 110 mg/dL) while the remaining 49 (12.8%) school age children were hypoglycemic. The number of the school children with normal total protein level (6.6 – 8 g/dL) was 259 (67.4%) while the remaining 125 (32.6%) school children were hypo-proteinaemic. The prevalence of anemia in the school age children was 33.1% (127). Intestinal helminth infections were statistically significantly associated (p = 0.000) with hypo-proteinaemia, anemia and number of lymphocytes compared with non-infected school children. The likelihood of anemia in intestinal helminth infected school children, when it was compared with uninfected, was 148 times higher for both Ascaris lumbericoides-Schistosoma mansoni co-infection, 38 times for Hookworm, 20 times for Schistosoma mansoni and 3 times for Ascaris lumbericoides mono-infections. Conclusion: Intestinal helminth infections in school age children aggravate malnutrition. Prolonged malnutrition and intestinal helminth infections could result in stunting in school-age children.
Feb 2021 DOI 10.14302/issn.2377-2549.jndc-21-3722
Jana SnehasisCorresponding author
Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Thane (W), Maharashtra, India.
Iron sulphate is used in the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia and other chronic disorders such as heart and kidney diseases. This study has the objective to analyze the impact of The Trivedi Effect®-Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment on the physicochemical, spectroscopic and thermal properties of iron sulphate using various analytical techniques. In this, the test compound, i.e., iron sulphate was divided into two parts; one as control (without Biofield Energy Treatment), and the other as Biofield Energy Treated, which received the Biofield Energy Treatment remotely by the renowned Healer, Mr. Mahendra Kumar Trivedi. The PXRD analysis of the Biofield Energy Treated sample showed significant alterations in the range of -39.49 to 301.40% in the relative intensities, and from -15.40 to 33.36% in the crystallite sizes, compared with the control sample. The average crystallite size of the treated sample was also increased by 4.98% as compared to the control sample. The particle sizes in the treated sample at d10, d50, d90 and D(4,3) values were significantly increased by 67.12%, 47.72%, 33.18% and 42.01%, respectively; whereas, the specific surface area was significantly reduced by 38.39%, compared with the control sample. The TGA thermograms showed three steps of thermal degradation in which, the weight loss of Biofield Energy Treated sample in the first and second step was reduced by 5.82% and 16.09%, respectively, while, it was increased by 6.78% in the third step, compared to the control sample. The total weight loss in the treated sample was also reduced by 2.76%, along with slight alteration in the maximum thermal decomposition temperature, compared with the control sample. The DSC analysis showed the decrease in the melting temperatures of the 1st, 2nd and 4th peaks by 8.24%, 19.29%, and 0.61%, respectively, while 4.57% increase in the 3rd peak of the treated sample, compared with the control sample. The latent heat of fusion (ΔH) corresponding to the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th peaks of the treated sample also showed alterations by -92.29, -86.29, 60.92, and 6.37%, respectively, compared with the control sample. The Trivedi Effect®-Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment might produce a novel polymorphic form of iron sulphate having increased crystallite and particle size along with enhanced thermal stability. It may help in improving the quality, safety and stability during the process of handling, storage, and shipment of the iron sulphate with better therapeutic response against iron deficiency anaemia.
Mar 2020 DOI 10.14302/issn.2372-6601.jhor-20-3235
Sangaré-Bamba MahawaCorresponding author
Hematology Unit, Central Laboratory, Teaching Hospital of Yopougon, Côte d’Ivoire
Introduction Acute leukaemia are the clonal and malignant proliferation of immature hematopoietic cells (blast), blocked in their differentiation process. There is an interaction between cancer cells and the clotting process. This could be the expression of Tissue Factor (TF) on the surface of tumor cells; or a lesion of the vascular endothelium and platelet activation. The result is an activation of clotting that can lead to disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC). The objective of this study was to assess the risk of DIC occurring in patients with acute leukaemia. Methods This was a cross-sectional study for analytical purposes that took place on 40 frozen samples from the biobank of the haematology laboratory of Teaching Hospital Yopougon for which the diagnosis of acute leukaemia had been taken from myelogram. The myelogram results were accompanied by hemogram data. PTTa, QT, fibrinogen and D-Dimers were performed on these samples. The risk assessment of DIC occurred was determined on the recommendations of the International Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis (ISTH). Results We noted a female predominance with a Sex Ratio (M / F) of 0.90. The average age of the patients was 38 years (± 23 years) with extremes ranging from 2 to 84 years. ALL represented 20 % of cases against 80 % for AMLs. Hemogram parameters were characterized by severe anaemia (Tx Hb < 6 g / dL) in 52.5 % of cases; hyperleukocytosis > 100.103 / mm3 in 35 % of cases; thrombocytopenia < 25.103 / mm3 in 40 % of case; and significant blood and spinal cord blastosis (> 80 %). The lengthening of the PTTa was observed in 50 % of cases, compared to 40% for the QT. Similarly, hyperfibrinemia was present in 65% of cases. D-Dimers were high in almost all subject (95 % of cases). According to the ISTH criteria, 17.5 % of subjects were at risk of developing a DIC. Conclusion The risk of occurrence of DIC is indeed present during acute leukaemia. The parameters of haemostasis are thus found to be crucial data in the follow-up assessment during the diagnosis of acute leukaemia.
Aug 2017
Oluyinka AKINTAYO RichardCorresponding author
Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
Objectives: To describe the frequency, clinico-laboratory characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH), Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: This is a retrospective review of patients with JIA seen over a five-year period at the rheumatology clinic and children ward of LASUTH. We reviewed the folders of 28 patients from our unit records. The demographics, baseline clinical and laboratory characteristics, treatment given and patient outcomes were extracted and analyzed. Results: A total of 28 patients with JIA were managed over the study period. Twenty one (75%) patients among our JIA cases were female and the mean age at presentation was 9.8±3.9 years. The mean duration of symptoms before diagnosis was 21.8±5.7 months. Polyarticular JIA (PJIA) constituted 14 (50%) cases, while oligoarticular and systemic-onset JIA (SoJIA) constituted 9 (39.3%) and 5 (17.9%) of the JIA cases respectively. Anaemia was present in 20 (71.4%) patients, leucocytosis in 16 (57.1%) and thrombocytosis in 11 (39.2%). Twenty five (89.2%) patients had elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rates (ESRs), 21 (75%) had elevated C-reactive protein levels and 23 (82.1%) patients had hyperferritinaemia. Positive antinuclear antibody (ANA) was found in 5 (17.8%) patients. Mortality was documented in 2 (7.1%) patients both of whom were SoJIA cases. Eleven (39.3%) patients were lost to follow up. Conclusion: Unlike the common report of oligoarticular JIA (OJIA) being the most frequent subtype of JIA in various series from North America and Europe, PJIA was the most frequent subtype seen among our patients and this variant accounted for half of all JIA cases seen. There were no cases of psoriatic, enthesitis-related or undifferentiated JIA and most patients had haematological abnormalities and high levels of inflammatory markers at presentation.
Mar 2014 DOI 10.14302/issn.2372-6601.jhor-13-352
O’ Sullivan JMCorresponding author
Department of Haematology, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
Variation in the lower and upper limits of haemoglobin (Hb) ranges will alter diagnosis and referral rates of anaemia or erythrocytosis. The haemoglobin ranges for adults in Irish laboratories were applied in the context of haemoglobin levels of a representative sample of Irish adults (SLAN). Between 2.8% and 8.5% of men would be diagnosed with anaemia in different laboratories for lower limit between 130-140g/L. For women, diagnosis of anaemia would range from 0.7% to 7.3% for the lower limit between 110-125g/L. Similar reference range variations occur in UK laboratories. A suggested “normal reference range” is extrapolated from the SLAN cohort.