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Sep 2019 DOI 10.14302/issn.2379-7835.ijn-19-2968
K. Doyle-Baker PatriciaCorresponding author
Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Physical activity (PA) decreases in late adolescence and young adulthood when this age cohort enters the workforce with many being employed in the foodservice industry. Daily energy expenditure can be divided between occupational physical activity (OPA) and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA). Although LTPA is known to be associated with positive health benefits, a limited number of studies have investigated the influence of OPA on LTPA in young restaurant servers. This study measured via accelerometry, OPA and LTPA for a 7-day period from a sample of young adult servers (n = 7, 23-29 years old) from two restaurants. Resting metabolic rate was measured via indirect calorimetry and inputted into the AMP 331 accelerometer for energy expenditure calculations. Energy expenditure patterns were compared to age- and sex-specific normative data, occupational classifications, and the Canadian PA Guidelines to Healthy Active Living (CPAG). Energy expenditure results and step count values were higher for working versus non-working days and working versus non-working periods. Daily, working energy expenditure was approximately equal to normative data, while non-working daily energy expenditure was lower. The working period energy expenditure placed this population in the ‘exceptionally active’ OPA classification. Minimum PA levels, based on CPAG were met each day, however 10,000-steps-per-day were only achieved on working days. None of the participants logged LTPA and therefore 100% of their PA came from OPA. More research is needed over a longer duration and at different times in the year to identify the effect OPA has on LTPA in this population.
Jan 2021 DOI 10.14302/issn.2379-7835.ijn-20-3680
Jubayer AhmedCorresponding author
Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
Background This study focused on nutritional status of the rickshaw pullers, their dietary energy and nutrients consumption along with their energy intake gap as compared to expenditure. Methods A cross sectional study was carried out at 15 different important locations of Dhaka city during December-January 2018. In total, 670 rickshaw pullers from these locations were randomly selected. Printed predesigned and validated semi structured questionnaire was used to record necessary information. Nutritional status was determined according to Asia specific BMI cut- off values. Energy expenditure was calculated using their Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) and Physical Activity Level (PAL) value. 24-hour dietary recall method was administered for dietary analysis. Results About 65.4% of them were found within normal BMI range. About 11.5% were underweight and about 23.1% were found having more than normal BMI. Percentage of both underweight (39.0%) and overweight (35.8%) were found higher among those who were between 25 and 35 years. Average daily dietary energy consumption was 2391 kcal and energy expenditure were found 4608 kcal. Their energy consumption was found 2217 kcal less compared to their energy expenditure. Conclusion The current study revealed the nutritional status, dietary intake of the rickshaw pullers of Dhaka city and found energy gap in their dietary intake compared to their expenditure. For their better health and nutrition outcome integrated approach should be taken by the responsible authorities.
Feb 2016 DOI 10.14302/issn.2324-7339.jcrhap-13-255
Roos RonelCorresponding author
University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy
People living with HIV (PLWH) are at risk of developing chronic lifestyle diseases such as ischaemic heart disease (IHD). Physical inactivity is a modifiable risk factor for IHD. The level of ambulation physical activity in individuals living with HIV in a South African context is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the physical activity levels and other risk factors for IHD in PLWH on antiretroviral therapy (ARV). An observational study was conducted from October 2010 to June 2012 at an outpatient clinic in Johannesburg, South Africa. Two hundred and five individuals who were on ARV for 6-12 months were screened. Physical activity was measured with the Yamax SW200 pedometer over a seven day period. Physical activity of the sample was reduced at 7673.2 (±4017.7) steps/ day with women walking less than men 6993.3 (±3462.6) and 10076.3 (±4885.6)respectively. Body mass index was increased to 25.6 (±5.4) kg/m2 with women noted to be overweight [26.6 (±5.5) kg/m2]. Independent predictors of being overweight were systolic blood pressure, waist and hip circumference, CD4 count and daily fruit and vegetable intake. Smoking was less common in the study population with 16.1% of the sample being current smokers and 25.9% former smokers. Individuals’ mean perceived stress levels were 19.9 (±7.8) on the Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale. The ambulation physical activity level of individuals living with HIV requires modification to assist with reducing risk factors of IHD.