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Oct 2019 DOI 10.14302/issn.2474-9273.jbtm-19-3027
Y Trivedi GunjanCorresponding author
Research Scholar, JJT University, Rajasthan, India and Co-founder, Society for Energy & Emotions, Wellness Space, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India,
Introduction Sound vibrations have a profound impact on the body and the mind with evidence confirming reduced anxiety and increased wellbeing. The likely reason for driving the benefit is relaxation. The Himalayan Singing Bowls, used for therapeutic intervention to enhance the individual’s emotional & physical wellbeing, may facilitate faster and deeper relaxation as compared to simple, supine relaxation. Aim of the Study The study aimed to validate the hypothesis that short 20 minutes sessions to relax with the help of the Himalayan Singing Bowl (HSB) could provide better depth of relaxation as compared to Supine Silence (SS) based on the objective assessment of physiology parameters i.e. Stress Index & Heart Rate Variability (HRV). Methods Seven metal Himalayan singing bowls were used in a particular sequence learned from an expert teacher for 16 subjects. The SS group consisted of 17 subjects. The HRV data was measured by the Emwave Pro device and analyzed using Kubios HRV Premium software. The analysis compared key HRV parameters within and between the groups. Result Overall, as expected, both groups achieved relaxation as measured by changes in HRV parameters. However, further analysis confirmed a more consistent relaxation, as measured by a statistically significant reduction in stress index and an increase in HRV, for HSB group. The HSB group achieved more consistent depth of relaxation during each subsequent 5 minutes interval throughout the session as compared to SS group. Conclusion The study confirms that singing bowls sessions can be leveraged as a tool for inducing good quality relaxation response (increased parasympathetic tone, reduced stress) to facilitate healing and energy recovery in just 20 minutes and achieve significant health benefits. More comprehensive studies must be conducted to further evaluate the findings with more sample size, different methods of relaxation and varied demographics.
Sep 2018 DOI 10.14302/issn.2641-9467.jgrc-18-2270
Li YuanCorresponding author
Department of Astronomy and Theoretical Physics
Rice, as one of the most important crops in the world, is facing an ever-accelerating challenge from climate change. Epigenetic modification with its substantially high epimutation rate and the possibility for some epigenetic variation to act as a heritable contributor to crop environmental adaptability may hold great potentials for rapid crop breeding. Epigenetic modification is controlled by epigenetic pathways, and mutations disturbing the epigenetic pathways may lead to significant epigenetic and/or genetic changes. This is especially true for rice, whose genome is rich in epigenetic modifications and transposable elements (TEs) that are generally epigenetically silenced. Here, in this paper, we first reviewed the pathways that establish, maintain and remove rice DNA methylation, which is the most well studied epigenetic marker, as well as the genes that are involved. We then discussed how TEs amplify the phenotypic impact of epigenetic changes that could be a result of epigenetic pathway disturbances. At last, we presented the enormous amount of rice genome data that are publically available, within which great genetic variation in the genes that are involved within the epigenetic pathways is embedded. This genetic variation awaits to be exploited for their potentials in generating a heritable source of variation for rapid environmental adaptation, which may hold tremendous importance for rice breeding in the face of climate change.
Jan 2014 DOI 10.14302/issn.2328-0182.japst-12-183
D. Mahajan SupriyaCorresponding author
Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology,
Gold nanorods (GNRs) are plasmonic nanostructures by virtue of their size-dependent optical properties, offer a bionanotechnology platform in areas of bioimaging, drug delivery etc for disease diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. GNRs are more sensitive to changes in local environments, and offer strong scattering and absorption efficiencies thus providing opportunities to integrate multiple imaging modes and therapeutic strategies. The hydrodynamic size of these GNR under physiological condition is <100 nm, making them ideal as intracellular delivery agents. RNA interference using small inhibitory RNA (siRNA) has become a powerful tool to downregulate mRNA levels by cellular nucleases that become activated when a sequence homology between the siRNA and a respective mRNA molecule is detected. siRNA is used to silence genes involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases and holds a promising option for the development of novel therapeutic strategies in neurological dysregulation such as that observed in drug addiction. However, a major challenge in gene therapy continues to be effective delivery of siRNA and its sustained release at targeted sites. Previously, we have shown the GNR coated with poly (diallyldimethyl ammoniumchloride) (GNR-PDDAC) electrostatically complexed to the dopamine- and cAMP-regulated neuronal phosphoprotein (DARPP-32) siRNA forming a GNR-nanoplex that was able to effectively silence the DARPP-32 gene expression in dopaminergic neuronal (DAN) cell cultures in- vitro. The current report, explores if modification of the surface coating properties of the GNRs with different surface coatings namely, amino terminated polyethylene glycol (GNR-PEG), polyethyleneimine (GNR-PEI) and Chitosan (GNR-CIT) alters their stability, cytotoxicity and DARPP-32 gene silencing efficiency in-vitro dopaminergic neuronal (DAN) cell cultures with the goal of determining the most suitable surface coating for the GNR that would provide a GNR-nanoplex with the most stability, least cytotoxicity and most efficacious gene silencing.