Fungal Mycorrhizae

Fungal mycorrhizae are a beneficial mutualistic relationship between fungi and plants. The long filaments of the fungi colonize the plant’s root system by wrapping around the root cells and exchanging nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, needed for the plant’s growth. The fungi also produce an enzyme that increases the uptake of water, which helps the plant survive in dry conditions. Mycorrhizae also helps the plant fight off disease, by acting as a barrier against pathogens. Mycorrhizae are important in agricultural systems, improving crop yields and soil fertility, and reducing the need for fertilizers. They are also important in natural ecosystems, playing a role in plant succession, nutrient cycling, and soil stability.